Mali

Mali's landlocked geography and climate-sensitive economy render the country among the most vulnerable to climate stress. Rising temperatures and fluctuations in water availability threaten the pastoralist and agrarian livelihoods that support the majority of the population. Shocks such as political instability, flooding, and recurring drought also contribute to economic and social insecurity. Variable rainfall impacts the flood patterns of Mali's 4.2 million hectares of wetlands, with negative implications for seasonal fish migrations and soil-stabilizing vegetation growth. Mali's greenhouse gas emissions are dominated by the agriculture sector, which makes up over 75% of emissions.