Borneo, an island in Asia shared by Malaysia, Indonesia, and Brunei, has experienced rapid deforestation in recent years. Driven by palm oil plantations, rubber plantations, and logging, many species are at risk of losing their habitats. This series of satellite images taken over the Central Kalamantan region of Indonesia, depict the rapid growth and movement of settlements from 2015 to 2019 and the increasing road network between what is likely a rubber plantation. Deforestation, a leading cause of human CO2 emissions, can lead to an increase in floods, forest fires, droughts and could have negative impacts on fresh water reservoirs and human health in this area. Mammals, amphibians, reptiles, and marine wildlife are all threatened by the increase in deforestation. In this series of photos, natural regeneration can be identified where large areas of deforestation had once occurred. Allowing deforested areas to regrow provides hope that deforestation on the island will slow and larger areas of forests will be protected. USAID plays a large role in helping Central Kalamantan protect their endangered species, especially the Orangutan, through the Borneo Orangutan Survival Foundation (BOSF). This initiative has seen the rehabilitation of over 100 orangutans and their release back into this region, all with the support of USAID. USAID is also a partner of the Asian Disaster Preparedness Center (ADPC) where climate challenges are tackled through the use of Earth observations and other techniques and informed decisions can be made through careful evaluation. These partnerships will allow for a more sustainable future on the island of Borneo.
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USAID Adaptasi Perubahan Iklim dan Ketangguhan (USAID APIK) conducted a participatory climate vulnerability and risk assessment in 2017, noting that tidal wave has occurred repeatedly in Segoro Tambak Village, Sidoarjo District, East Java Province, Indonesia and affected a community that is 80% dependent on fisheries. The wave gushed over embankments and flooded houses and roads in the village, causing livelihood and infrastructure damage.
USAID APIK and community members pursued a collaboration with the Marine and Fisheries Polytechnic of Sidoarjo to apply a silvofishery method. Silvofishery is a sustainable fishery technique that promotes conservation through mangroves cultivation alongside embankments.
"I never realized that mangrove has many advantages. I realized that it will take a couple of years before the tree is fully-grown, but I am sure it will be worth it,” said Kodro, a fish farmer in Segoro Tambak. Mangroves are renowned as an important component of climate adaptation and mitigation due to its carbon storage capacities and ability to protect terrain from sea-level rises. Therefore, silvofishery is a suitable adaptation strategy for Segoro Tambak, as it will help strengthen the community’s resilience by ensuring the sustainability of the village’s livelihood source and environment.
Photo Date: June 6, 2018
In Southeast Sulawesi Province, Indonesia, USAID through its Climate Change Adaptation and Resilience (Adaptasi Perubahan Iklim dan Ketangguhan - APIK) project, along with the Local Disaster Management Agency (BPBD) and the Education Agency conducted an initial vulnerability assessment on schools. After a field survey, two elementary schools in West Kendari, Elementary School 6 and 8, were identified as being prone to flooding. In response, USAID APIK conducted a series of training activities from April to early May 2017 on climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction, held workshops on participatory disaster risk assessment, and established Disaster Preparedness Units for the schools. USAID APIK helped formulate standard operating procedures, established evacuation routes, disseminated maps, and installed evacuation route signs, which ensure that all students know what to do before, during, and after disaster strikes. Evacuation drills that included local stakeholders such as the Transportation Agency and the Community Health Center were also conducted at both schools on May 18, 2017. Almost 500 students participated in the evacuation drill.
May 18, 2017.
In Haruku Village, Central Maluku District, Maluku Province of Indonesia, USAID through its Climate Change Adaptation and Resilience (Adaptasi Perubahan Iklim dan Ketangguhan – APIK) project supports the community to enhance their resilience. They are prone to climate impacts, especially tidal waves and coastal erosion that affected the communities who live by the seaside. Through various efforts, the issue of climate and disaster is mainstreamed in the village government work plan, which can be seen in mangrove planting along the coastline to overcome abrasion threat, seawall rehabilitation, and boat moorings making. Paulus Mustamu, better known as Uncle Poly, believes that mangrove is an important part of coastal ecosystem in his village. He is determined to protect his village by restoring a healthy mangrove ecosystem. He hopes that Haruku community is able live in harmony with the nature, but also is resilient in facing the climate impacts. Photo date: October 8, 2016
In Lamokula Village, South Konawe District, Southeast Sulawesi Province, Indonesia, USAID though Climate Change Adaptation and Resilience (Adaptasi Perubahan Iklim dan Ketangguhan – APIK) project brought the community to build their preparedness in facing flood risk. The community members agreed to have Abd Jalil as the leader of disaster preparedness group in the village. Among various capacity building activities that he received, he really likes the use of local wisdom for disaster risk reduction. The communities are already familiar with mosque speaker and cellphones during flood emergency and evacuation. However, electricity and phone signal often become challenges during extreme condition. Learning from this experience, the APIK project encouraged the community to take benefit of kentongan (bamboo slit drum) as a supporting early warning system tool. As manual as it is, kentongan with its loud noise becomes a very reliable communication tool for Jalil and his community. They have used the kentongan to alert people to evacuate during three flood events in 2019. People hit the kentongan from one household to another and created a chain of noises. “It’s simple yet has a huge benefit during an emergency situation,” said Jalil.
July 25, 2019.